Origins of the Mullen Five
The Mullen Five, Mullen Automotive’s first proposal, aimed to compete with the Tesla Model Y. Founded in 2018, the company quickly tried to rebrand Chinese EVs before considering independent production.
The firm raised funds in 2020, but its stock fell the following year, revealing a lack of clarity about the project’s technical feasibility.
The Concept: An Electric Crossover
Initially named MX‑105, the vehicle was supposed to offer 500 km range and performance comparable to a modern SUV. The name was later shortened to “Five” for brand simplicity.
Detailed plans never showed a functional battery or motor, underscoring the absence of a complete prototype.
Financial and Legal Challenges
In 2022, shareholders sued Mullen for mismanagement. The company was required to pay $7.25 million to its investors.
This financial crisis precipitated the acquisition of Bollinger Motors’ control, followed by a rebranding to Bollinger Innovations before Bollinger Motors’ final shutdown in 2025.
The Failure and Liquidation
Mullen never built the Mullen Five at its Mississippi production site. Work remained at concept stage, with no chassis or operational battery.
In 2026, the company entered liquidation, marking the official end of its automotive presence.
Why the Mullen Five Is Still Available
On Facebook Marketplace, a seller listed a version of the concept—likely the only one in existence. This illustrates how abandoned projects can still circulate as collectibles.
Potential buyers should be aware that the vehicle is not certified or road‑safe for public use.
Lessons for EV Startups
“Innovation without solid infrastructure is a dream that quickly shatters.”
The Mullen story underscores the importance of a clear technical roadmap and sustainable financing before launching a product.
Investors must also assess long‑term viability rather than be seduced by flashy marketing promises.
Conclusion: A Historical Curiosity
The Mullen Five remains a fascinating case of automotive ambition that never took flight. It serves as a reminder to entrepreneurs and car enthusiasts alike that every concept must be backed by tangible execution.
If you’re interested in buying, make sure you fully understand the risks associated with an uncertified vehicle before making your decision.
